Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect tense merupakan
kombinasi gramatikal antara present tense dan perfect tense. Jenis tenses dalam
bahasa inggris yang digunakan untuk suatu tindakan aktivitas yang terjadi di
masa lampau dan masih berpengaruh hingga sekarang,
Present
Perfect tense digunakan saat :
·
Tindakan yang
terjadi pada waktu yang tidak pasti sebelum saat ini.
·
Tindakan yang
terjadi di masa lalu dan masih punya pengaruhnya hingga sekarang
·
Tindakan yang
dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut hingga sekarang
|
|
Rumus
|
Contoh
Kalimat
|
|
(+)
|
Subject +
has/have + V3 + object
|
You have
seen that movie many times
|
|
Subject +
has/have + been + object
|
There have
been many earthquakes in California
|
|
|
(-)
|
Subject +has
/ have + not + V3 + object
|
People have
not traveled to the moon
|
|
Subject +
has/have + not + been + object
|
He has not
been here since morning
|
|
|
(?)
|
Have / has +
Subject + V3+ object
|
Have you
read the book yet?
|
|
Have / has +
subject + been + object
|
Has there
ever been a war in the United States?
|
Simple Past Tense
Simple
past tense merupakan jenis
tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah terjadi pada waktu
tertentu di masa lalu.
·
Jenis kejadian
bisa pendek atau panjang.
·
Juga bisa
menjadi beberapa kejadian terjadi satu demi persatu.
|
|
Rumus
|
Contoh
Kalimat
|
|
(+)
|
Subject + V2 + Object
|
I saw a movie yesterday
|
|
Subject + was/were + complement
|
Daniel was here last night
|
|
|
(-)
|
Subject + was/were + not + complement
|
She was not here yesterday
|
|
Subject + did not + V1 + Object
|
I did not see him yesterday
|
|
|
(?)
|
Did + Subject + V1+ Object +
|
Did you play football yesterday ?
|
Future Perfect Tense
Future
Perfect tense ini untuk
menyatakan sebuah kejadian yang akan selesai di masa depan yang pada awalnya
sudah dimulai di masa lalu.
|
|
Rumus
|
Contoh
Kalimat
|
|
(+)
|
Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement
|
I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow
morning
|
|
Subject + shall/will + have + V3 +
object
|
Majid will have rented my house next month
|
|
|
(-)
|
Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement
|
I will not have been in this hospital until
tomorrow morning
|
|
Subject + shall/will + not + have + V3 +
object
|
Majid will not have rented my house next month
|
|
|
(?)
|
Shall/will + subject + been + complement
|
Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow
morning?
|
|
Shall/will + subject + have + V3 +
object
|
Will Majid have rented my house next month?
|
Sumber : http://www.belajaringgris.net
Kesimpulan
Present
Perfect tense, Simple Past tense, dan Future Perfect tense merupakan tenses
yang sama-sama menunjukkan keterangan dimasa lalu yang membedakannya adalah
bentuk atau struktur kalimat yang digunakan.
|
|
Present
Perfect Tense
|
Simple
Past Tense
|
Future
Perfect Tense
|
|
(+)
|
S
+ has/have + V3 + O
|
S + V2 +
O
|
S +
shall/will + have + been + C
|
|
S
+ has/have + been + O
|
S + was/were
+ C
|
S +
shall/will + have + V3 + O
|
|
|
(-)
|
S
+has / have + not + V3 + O
|
S + was/were
+ not + C
|
S +
shall/will + not + been + C
|
|
S+
has/have + not + been + O
|
S + did not
+ V1 + O
|
S +
shall/will + not + have + V3 + O
|
|
|
(?)
|
Have
/ has + S + V3+ O
|
Did + S + V1+
O
|
Shall/will +S
+ been + Ct
|
|
Have
/ has + S + been + O
|
|
Shall/will +
S + have + V3 + O
|
